Abstract: This study investigates how a chemical used in water treatment, hexamethylenediaminetetra(methylenephosphonic acid) (HDTMP), can be broken down using ultraviolet (UV) light, manganese (Mn²⁺), and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). The research finds that adding hydrogen peroxide significantly speeds up the breakdown of HDTMP, while manganese also helps but to a lesser extent. The study provides insights into how these methods can be used to treat wastewater containing persistent chemicals like HDTMP.…View details

Abstract: This study compared how well three different types of waste (sludge) produce methane gas at three very high temperatures (60°C, 65°C, and 70°C). We also looked at their performance at lower temperatures (37°C and 55°C). Using German guidelines, we measured the daily amount of methane produced. We found that cow manure at 65°C was the best, giving the most methane and breaking down waste the most effectively. On the other hand, the performance was the worst at 70°C for a different type of sludge. For large-scale waste processing systems, cow manure at 65°C is recommended.…View details